GHK-Cu
Copper(II) complex of glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine
In VitroAnimalHuman RCTEx Vivo
15 studies
Open record →Research Area
Skin & Aesthetic Research
Pigmentação, colágeno, matriz dérmica e biologia cutânea.
At a glance
Research Summary
- What is it?
- Pigmentação, colágeno, matriz dérmica e biologia cutânea.
- Why does it matter?
- `This hub organizes ${processes.length} biological processes without treating a research category as a causal mechanism.`
- Key mechanisms
- Extracellular Matrix Remodeling · Melanocortin Signaling · GHK-Cu Coordination & Copper Transport · GHK-Cu in Wound Repair Biology
- Key targets
- Not indexed yet
- Related compounds
- GHK-Cu · Afamelanotide · Melanotan II
- Human evidence
- 15 directly or transitively connected human/curated study records are currently indexed.
- Main uncertainties
- Coverage is selective. A missing connection means it has not been curated here, not that no relationship exists.
Choose a level
What do you want to explore?
01
Extracellular Matrix
biological process
Synthesis, organization and turnover of collagen, elastin and associated matrix components.
4 pathway1 target7 compound15 study→
02Collagen Remodeling
biological process
Balanced collagen synthesis, organization and proteolytic turnover.
4 pathway1 target7 compound15 study→
03Wound Healing
biological process
Inflammation, re-epithelialization, angiogenesis and tissue remodeling after injury.
4 pathway1 target7 compound15 study→
04Pigmentation
biological process
Melanin synthesis and distribution through melanocortin-dependent and local signaling.
4 pathway1 target4 compound15 study→
Key pathways
PA
Extracellular Matrix Remodeling
pathway
Rede de síntese, deposição, organização e degradação de componentes da matriz extracelular.
2 pathway7 compound15 study→
PAMelanocortin Signaling
pathway
Família de receptores ativados por peptídeos derivados de POMC, com funções dependentes do subtipo receptor e tecido.
3 target26 compound→
PAGHK-Cu Coordination & Copper Transport
pathway
Coordenação de Cu(II) por GHK e troca com proteínas transportadoras, incluindo complexos ternários com albumina; a relevância biológica depende do sistema estudado.
2 pathway7 compound15 study→
PAGHK-Cu in Wound Repair Biology
pathway
Conjunto de respostas experimentais envolvendo fibroblastos, glicosaminoglicanos, colágeno e metaloproteinases em modelos de ferida; não representa um receptor ou uma única via linear.
2 pathway7 compound15 study→
Key cell types
CE
Fibroblasts
cell type
Mesenchymal cells that synthesize and remodel extracellular matrix in connective tissues.
4 pathway1 target7 compound15 study→
CEKeratinocytes
cell type
Predominant epidermal cells that form and renew the skin barrier.
4 pathway1 target7 compound15 study→
CEMelanocytes
cell type
Pigment-producing cells that synthesize melanin and transfer melanosomes to keratinocytes.
4 pathway1 target8 compound15 study→
Connected records
Related Compounds
Afamelanotide
α-MSH analogue
Data not indexed yet
0 studies
Open record →Melanotan II
Cyclic melanocortin analogue
Data not indexed yet
0 studies
Open record →Published evidence
Studies
in-vitroStructure of the Glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine--copper(II) complex in solutionBiochemistry · 1982in-vitroN.m.r. and e.p.r. investigation of the interaction of copper(II) and glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine, a growth-modulating tripeptide from plasmaBiochemical Journal · 1983in-vitroStimulation of collagen synthesis in fibroblast cultures by the tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+FEBS Letters · 1988in-vitroStimulation of sulfated glycosaminoglycan synthesis by the tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+Life Sciences · 1992animalIn vivo stimulation of connective tissue accumulation by the tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+ in rat experimental woundsJournal of Clinical Investigation · 1993human-rctEnhanced healing of ulcers in patients with diabetes by topical treatment with glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine copperWound Repair and Regeneration · 1994in-vitroEffects of the tripeptide glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine copper complex on osteoblastic cell spreading, attachment and phenotypeCellular and Molecular Biology · 1995animalExpression and activation of matrix metalloproteinases in wounds: modulation by the tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 1999in-vitroThe tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+ stimulates matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression by fibroblast culturesLife Sciences · 2000animalExpression of glycosaminoglycans and small proteoglycans in wounds: modulation by the tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu(2+)Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2000in-vitroESI-MS study of the mechanism of glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine-Cu(II) complex transport through model membrane of stratum corneumTalanta · 2007ex-vivoHuman skin retention and penetration of a copper tripeptide in vitro as function of skin layer towards anti-inflammatory therapyInflammation Research · 2010in-vitroTernary Cu2+ Complexes of Human Serum Albumin and Glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysineInorganic Chemistry · 2021in-vitroGlycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine prevents copper- and zinc-induced protein aggregation and central nervous system cell death in vitroMetallomics · 2024animalGlycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+ (GHK-Cu) Attenuates CuSO4 or LPS induced-inflammation in Zebrafish larvae modelEuropean Journal of Pharmacology · 2026