GHK-Cu
Copper(II) complex of glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine
In VitroAnimalHuman RCTEx Vivo
15 studies
Open record →Biological Pathway
Extracellular Matrix Remodeling
Rede de síntese, deposição, organização e degradação de componentes da matriz extracelular.
At a glance
Research Summary
- What is it?
- Rede de síntese, deposição, organização e degradação de componentes da matriz extracelular.
- Why does it matter?
- Extracellular Matrix Remodeling connects 0 targets to 2 curated biological processes.
- Key mechanisms
- Cellular signals · Fibroblast response · Matrix synthesis and proteolysis · Tissue remodeling
- Key targets
- Not indexed yet
- Related compounds
- GHK-Cu
- Human evidence
- 15 related published study records are indexed.
- Main uncertainties
- Effects are tissue- and context-dependent; a pathway diagram is a curated model, not proof that every step is direct in every system.
Pathway profile
Canonical details
- Primary ligand
- Context dependent
- Target / receptor
- Not indexed yet
- Second messenger
- Not indexed
- Downstream pathway
- Fibroblast response → Matrix synthesis and proteolysis → Tissue remodeling
- Cell types
- Fibroblasts
- Tissues
- Skin
- Physiological processes
- Extracellular Matrix, Collagen Remodeling
- Known uncertainties
- Effects are tissue- and context-dependent; a pathway diagram is a curated model, not proof that every step is direct in every system.
Complementary visualization
Mechanism
Cellular signals
↓
Fibroblast response
↓
Matrix synthesis and proteolysis
↓
Tissue remodeling
Arrows show a curated signaling sequence. They do not imply that every transition is a direct physical interaction.
Relationship evidence
directmixed
Extracellular Matrix associated with Extracellular Matrix Remodeling.
directmixed
Collagen Remodeling associated with Extracellular Matrix Remodeling.
directmixed
GHK-Cu changed collagen, glycosaminoglycan and matrix-metalloproteinase outcomes in cell and wound models.
associatedscope not indexed
Extracellular Matrix Remodeling associated with GHK-Cu.
Related Compounds
Published evidence
Studies
in-vitroStructure of the Glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine--copper(II) complex in solutionBiochemistry · 1982in-vitroN.m.r. and e.p.r. investigation of the interaction of copper(II) and glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine, a growth-modulating tripeptide from plasmaBiochemical Journal · 1983in-vitroStimulation of collagen synthesis in fibroblast cultures by the tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+FEBS Letters · 1988in-vitroStimulation of sulfated glycosaminoglycan synthesis by the tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+Life Sciences · 1992animalIn vivo stimulation of connective tissue accumulation by the tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+ in rat experimental woundsJournal of Clinical Investigation · 1993human-rctEnhanced healing of ulcers in patients with diabetes by topical treatment with glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine copperWound Repair and Regeneration · 1994in-vitroEffects of the tripeptide glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine copper complex on osteoblastic cell spreading, attachment and phenotypeCellular and Molecular Biology · 1995animalExpression and activation of matrix metalloproteinases in wounds: modulation by the tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 1999in-vitroThe tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+ stimulates matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression by fibroblast culturesLife Sciences · 2000animalExpression of glycosaminoglycans and small proteoglycans in wounds: modulation by the tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu(2+)Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2000in-vitroESI-MS study of the mechanism of glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine-Cu(II) complex transport through model membrane of stratum corneumTalanta · 2007ex-vivoHuman skin retention and penetration of a copper tripeptide in vitro as function of skin layer towards anti-inflammatory therapyInflammation Research · 2010in-vitroTernary Cu2+ Complexes of Human Serum Albumin and Glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysineInorganic Chemistry · 2021in-vitroGlycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine prevents copper- and zinc-induced protein aggregation and central nervous system cell death in vitroMetallomics · 2024animalGlycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+ (GHK-Cu) Attenuates CuSO4 or LPS induced-inflammation in Zebrafish larvae modelEuropean Journal of Pharmacology · 2026
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BI
Extracellular Matrix
biological process
Synthesis, organization and turnover of collagen, elastin and associated matrix components.
4 pathway1 target7 compound15 study→
BICollagen Remodeling
biological process
Balanced collagen synthesis, organization and proteolytic turnover.
4 pathway1 target7 compound15 study→
COGHK-Cu
compound
Copper(II) complex of glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine
4 pathway1 target6 compound15 study→