GHK-Cu
Copper(II) complex of glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine
In VitroAnimalHuman RCTEx Vivo
15 studies
Open record →Cell Type
Fibroblasts
Mesenchymal cells that synthesize and remodel extracellular matrix in connective tissues.
At a glance
Research Summary
- What is it?
- Mesenchymal cells that synthesize and remodel extracellular matrix in connective tissues.
- Why does it matter?
- This cell type is connected to 1 tissues and 3 biological processes in the current graph.
- Key mechanisms
- Extracellular Matrix Remodeling
- Key targets
- Not indexed yet
- Related compounds
- GHK-Cu · BPC-157 · Thymosin Beta-4 · TB-500 · KPV · Afamelanotide
- Human evidence
- No human studies indexed for this node.
- Main uncertainties
- The current index is curated but not exhaustive.
Tissues and processes
TI
Skin
tissue
Barrier organ containing epidermal, dermal, vascular and immune compartments.
4 pathway1 target12 compound15 study→
BIExtracellular Matrix
biological process
Synthesis, organization and turnover of collagen, elastin and associated matrix components.
4 pathway1 target7 compound15 study→
BICollagen Remodeling
biological process
Balanced collagen synthesis, organization and proteolytic turnover.
4 pathway1 target7 compound15 study→
BIWound Healing
biological process
Inflammation, re-epithelialization, angiogenesis and tissue remodeling after injury.
4 pathway1 target7 compound15 study→
Pathways and targets
Related Compounds
BPC-157
Synthetic gastric pentadecapeptide
Mecanismo estruturado ainda não indexado.
Data not indexed yet
0 studies
Open record →Thymosin Beta-4
Endogenous actin-binding peptide
Mecanismo estruturado ainda não indexado.
Data not indexed yet
0 studies
Open record →TB-500
Research fragment associated with thymosin beta-4
Mecanismo estruturado ainda não indexado.
Data not indexed yet
0 studies
Open record →KPV
α-MSH-derived tripeptide
Mecanismo estruturado ainda não indexado.
Data not indexed yet
0 studies
Open record →Afamelanotide
α-MSH analogue
Data not indexed yet
0 studies
Open record →Melanotan II
Cyclic melanocortin analogue
Data not indexed yet
0 studies
Open record →Published evidence
Studies
in-vitroStructure of the Glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine--copper(II) complex in solutionBiochemistry · 1982in-vitroN.m.r. and e.p.r. investigation of the interaction of copper(II) and glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine, a growth-modulating tripeptide from plasmaBiochemical Journal · 1983in-vitroStimulation of collagen synthesis in fibroblast cultures by the tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+FEBS Letters · 1988in-vitroStimulation of sulfated glycosaminoglycan synthesis by the tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+Life Sciences · 1992animalIn vivo stimulation of connective tissue accumulation by the tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+ in rat experimental woundsJournal of Clinical Investigation · 1993human-rctEnhanced healing of ulcers in patients with diabetes by topical treatment with glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine copperWound Repair and Regeneration · 1994in-vitroEffects of the tripeptide glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine copper complex on osteoblastic cell spreading, attachment and phenotypeCellular and Molecular Biology · 1995animalExpression and activation of matrix metalloproteinases in wounds: modulation by the tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 1999in-vitroThe tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+ stimulates matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression by fibroblast culturesLife Sciences · 2000animalExpression of glycosaminoglycans and small proteoglycans in wounds: modulation by the tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu(2+)Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2000in-vitroESI-MS study of the mechanism of glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine-Cu(II) complex transport through model membrane of stratum corneumTalanta · 2007ex-vivoHuman skin retention and penetration of a copper tripeptide in vitro as function of skin layer towards anti-inflammatory therapyInflammation Research · 2010in-vitroTernary Cu2+ Complexes of Human Serum Albumin and Glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysineInorganic Chemistry · 2021in-vitroGlycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine prevents copper- and zinc-induced protein aggregation and central nervous system cell death in vitroMetallomics · 2024animalGlycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+ (GHK-Cu) Attenuates CuSO4 or LPS induced-inflammation in Zebrafish larvae modelEuropean Journal of Pharmacology · 2026
No dead ends
Continue Exploring
BI
Extracellular Matrix
biological process
Synthesis, organization and turnover of collagen, elastin and associated matrix components.
4 pathway1 target7 compound15 study→
BICollagen Remodeling
biological process
Balanced collagen synthesis, organization and proteolytic turnover.
4 pathway1 target7 compound15 study→
BIWound Healing
biological process
Inflammation, re-epithelialization, angiogenesis and tissue remodeling after injury.
4 pathway1 target7 compound15 study→
TISkin
tissue
Barrier organ containing epidermal, dermal, vascular and immune compartments.
4 pathway1 target12 compound15 study→